كليلة ودمنة

Kalila wa-Dimna is a widely circulated collection of Oriental fables composed in Sanskrit, possibly in third century BC. The fables were translated into Arabic in the eighth century by the Persian Ibn al-Muqaffa. al-Muqaffa’s translation is an unsurpassed masterpiece of Arabic artistic prose, and numerous translations into European and Oriental languages dating from the 10th to the 14th centuries derive from his version. Questions of social life and of princely wisdom are explained on the basis of stories taken from the animal kingdom. This is probably the oldest of the four known Arabic Kalila wa-Dimna manuscripts from the 14th century. It contains 73 miniatures, which have a high artistic quality and are thus an important monument of Arabic book decoration.

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